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.Ibid., 20 January 1961, p.2; Washington Post, 10 April 1966.8.New York Times, 15 January 1959, p.15.9.Fred Branfman, Voices from the Plain of jars: Life Under an Air War (Harper & Row, NewYork, 1972) p.12; New York Times, 18 May 1958, IV, p.7.10.New York Times, 25 April 1966, p.20.11.Arthur Schlesinger, A Thousand Days (Boston, 1965), p.325.12.1958: Ibid., pp.325-6 (this has to do with the events of 1958 referred to earlier - seenotes 6 and 7 above); Ibid., p.326; Branfman, p.12; 1960: Chester Bowles,Promises to Keep: My Years in Public Life, 1941-1969 (New York 1971) p.334;Bowles was a prominent American diplomat.13.Roger Hilsman, To Move a Nation (New York, 1967) pp, 111-2.14.New York Times, 25 January 195S, p.6; 25 February, p.6.15.Ibid., 9 August 1960.16.Norman Cousins, "Report from Laos", Saturday Review, 18 February 1961, p.12.17.Secret Army;a) New YorkTimes, 26 October 1969, p.1.b) Fred Branfman, "The President's Secret Army", in Robert Borosage and JohnMarks, eds., The CIA Pile (NewYork, 1976) pp.46-78.c) Christopher Robbing, Air America (New York, 1979) chapters 5 and 8.d) Col.L.Fletcher Prouty, US Air Force, Ret., The Secret Team: The CIA and its Alliesin Control of the World (New York, 1974) pp.190-93, 438.e) Victor Marchetti and John Marks, The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence (New York,1975) pp.54, 132.f) San Francisco Chronicle, 25 July 1973 (reporting deaths).18.New York Times, 18 May 1958, IV, p.7.19.Robbins, op.tit.20.Branfman (CM File), p.65.21.Robbins, op.cit.22.For a comprehensive account of DA involvement in drug trafficking from LatinAmerica to Southeast Asia to Afghanistan, from the 1950s to the 1980s, see:a) Alfred W.McCoy, The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia (Harper 8c Row, NewYork, 1972) passim; revised and updated edition.The Politics of Heroin: CIAComplicity in the Global Drug Trade (Lawrence Hill Books, New York, 1991)passim.b) Henrik Kruger, The Great Heroin Coup: Drugs, Intelligence, and InternationalFascism (Boston, 1980, originally published in Danish in 1976), passim ChristopherRobbins, Air America (New York, 1979), pp.128, 225-243c) Leslie Cockburn, Out of Control (New York, 1987), passimd) Peter Dale Scott, Jonathan Marshall, Cocaine Politics: Drugs, Armies, and the CIA inCentral America (University ofCAPress,1991),passim.f) Drugs, Late Enforcement and Foreign Policy, a Report of the SenateCommittee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics andInternational Operations, 198923.Testimony of Daniel Oleksiw, USIA, before US Senate Committee on ForeignRelations, Hearings on US Security Agreements and Commitments Abroad: Kingdomof Laos, October 1969, pp.586-7.The USIA produced a number of otherunattributed publications in Asia during the 1950s and 1960s.A 1954 document lists:Four Seas (monthly magazine, southeast Asia), Free World (monthly magazine, nineFar Eastern countries), American Reporter (bi-weekly newspaper, India), Panorama(bi-weekly newspaper, Pakistan), and News Review (weekly magazine, Beirut).[White House Memo based on information prepared by USIA, 15 February 1954,Declassified Documents Reference System, 1987, document no.548.]24.New York Times, US April 1966, p.20.25.Ibid., 20 January 1961, p.2.26.Marchetti and Marks, p.132; Branfman (Voices), p.16.244 27.Robbins, p.116.28.William Lederer & Eugene Burdick, A Nation of Sheep (London, 1961) pp.12-13;see also Bernard Fall, Anatomy of a Crisis: The Laotian Crisis of 1960-1961 (NewYork, 1969), chapter 7.29.Lederer and Burdick, pp.15-22.30.Bernard Fail, Street Without Joy: Insurgency in Indochina, 1946-63 (London, 1963,Third revised edition) p, 329; New York Times 3 January 1961, p.10.31.Fall (Street), p.332.32.Schlesinger, p.329.33.Ibid., p.517; see also Andrew Tully, The Super Spies (London, 1970) p.165.34.Robbins, p.115.35.Prouty, p.314.36.New York Times, 3 May 1964, p.1; 7 May, p.7; 14 May, p.11.37.Congressional Record, 18 July 1973, pp.24520-22.38.Branfman (Voices), p.5; Branfman was in Laos 1967-71, first as an educationaladviser to International Voluntary Services ("a Bible Belt version of the PeaceCorps" - Robbins), then as a writer and researcher.39.Refugee and Civilian War Casualty Problems in Indochina, Staff Report prepared forthe US Senate Subcommittee on Refugees, Committee on the Judiciary, 28September 1970, pp.19 and v.40.Ibid., p.32.41.The Guardian (London) 14 October 1971, p.4.42.Robbins, p.132.43.Branfman (Voices), p.15.44.New York Times, 23 February 1973, p.I.45.Ibid., 8 April 1954.22.HAITI 1959-19631.Robert I.Rotberg with Christopher K.Clague, Haiti: The Politics of Squalor [ATwentieth Century Fund Study, Boston, 1971), p.244.2.New York Times, 15 and 16 August 1959: Robert Debs Heinl, Jr.and NancyGordon Heinl, The Story of the Haitian People, 1492-1971 (Boston, 1978), p.600.3.Hispanic American Report (Stanford University, California) October 1959, p.434.4.New York Times, 17 and 18 August 1959.5.Heinl, p.600; New York Times, 15 August 1959.6.Heinl, p.600; Rotberg, p.219.7.New York Times, 16 August 1959.8.Heinl, p.600.9.New York Times, 16 August 1959.10.Rotberg, p.219.11.Heinl, p.618.12.Interim Report: Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders, TheSelect Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to IntelligenceActivities (US Senate), 20 November 1975, p.4, footnote 1.The Report doesn'tspecify when this took place, but the New York Times, 14 November 1993, p.12,placed it in 1961.13.Fritz Longchamp and Worth Cooley-Prost, "Hope for Haiti", Covert ActionInformation Bulletin (Washington), No.36, Spring 1991, p.56.Longchamp isExecutive Director of the Washington Office on Haiti, an analysis and publiceducation center; Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.A Thousand Days (Boston, 1965) pp.782-3;Heinl, p.617.245 23.GUATEMALA 1960The principal sources of this chapter are:a) Richard Gott, Rural Guerrillas in Latin America (Great Britain, 1973, revised edition)pp, 68-77; first published in 1970 as Guerrilla Movements in Latin America.c) David Wise and Thomas Ross, The Invisible Government (New York, 1965,paperback edition) pp.22-4, 33.d) Col.L.Fletcher Prouty, US Air Force, Ret,, The Secret Team: The CIA and its Alliesin Control of the World (New York, 1974) pp.45-6.d) John Gerassi, The Great Fear in Latin America (New York, 1965, revised edition) pp.184-5; Gerassi was a correspondent in Latin America for the New York Times and aneditor of Time magazine.1.Gott, p.70.2.New York Times, 18 November 1960.3.Ibid., 15, 19 November 1960.4.Gott, p.71; Wise and Ross, p.33; Prouty.p.46.5.Gerassi, p.185.6.New York Times, 19 November 1960.7.Thomas and Marjorie Melville, Guatemala: The Politics of Land Ownership (US,1971) p.142; Gott, p.76.8.Gott, p.77.24.FRANCE/ALGERIA 1960s1.Andrew Tully, CM: The Inside Story (New York, 1962), p.44.2.Allen Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence (New York, 1965), p.175.3.New York Times, 4 May 1961, p.10.4.Cited in Tully, p.45, article by Crosby Noyes, no date of Washington Star given.5.Cited in Sanche de Gramont, The Secret War (New York.1963) pp.29-306.New York Times, 24 April 1961.7.Washington Post, 5 May 1961, p.A16.8.Time, 12 May 1961, p.19.9.New York Times, 29 April 1961, pp.1, 310.Ibid., 1 May 1961, p.28.11.Cited in de Gramont, pp.30-31.12.Newsweek, 15 May 1961, pp.50-51.13.L'Express/Claude Krief: As reported in Alexander Werth, "The CIA in Algeria", TheNation (New York), 20 May 1961, pp [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.Ibid., 20 January 1961, p.2; Washington Post, 10 April 1966.8.New York Times, 15 January 1959, p.15.9.Fred Branfman, Voices from the Plain of jars: Life Under an Air War (Harper & Row, NewYork, 1972) p.12; New York Times, 18 May 1958, IV, p.7.10.New York Times, 25 April 1966, p.20.11.Arthur Schlesinger, A Thousand Days (Boston, 1965), p.325.12.1958: Ibid., pp.325-6 (this has to do with the events of 1958 referred to earlier - seenotes 6 and 7 above); Ibid., p.326; Branfman, p.12; 1960: Chester Bowles,Promises to Keep: My Years in Public Life, 1941-1969 (New York 1971) p.334;Bowles was a prominent American diplomat.13.Roger Hilsman, To Move a Nation (New York, 1967) pp, 111-2.14.New York Times, 25 January 195S, p.6; 25 February, p.6.15.Ibid., 9 August 1960.16.Norman Cousins, "Report from Laos", Saturday Review, 18 February 1961, p.12.17.Secret Army;a) New YorkTimes, 26 October 1969, p.1.b) Fred Branfman, "The President's Secret Army", in Robert Borosage and JohnMarks, eds., The CIA Pile (NewYork, 1976) pp.46-78.c) Christopher Robbing, Air America (New York, 1979) chapters 5 and 8.d) Col.L.Fletcher Prouty, US Air Force, Ret., The Secret Team: The CIA and its Alliesin Control of the World (New York, 1974) pp.190-93, 438.e) Victor Marchetti and John Marks, The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence (New York,1975) pp.54, 132.f) San Francisco Chronicle, 25 July 1973 (reporting deaths).18.New York Times, 18 May 1958, IV, p.7.19.Robbins, op.tit.20.Branfman (CM File), p.65.21.Robbins, op.cit.22.For a comprehensive account of DA involvement in drug trafficking from LatinAmerica to Southeast Asia to Afghanistan, from the 1950s to the 1980s, see:a) Alfred W.McCoy, The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia (Harper 8c Row, NewYork, 1972) passim; revised and updated edition.The Politics of Heroin: CIAComplicity in the Global Drug Trade (Lawrence Hill Books, New York, 1991)passim.b) Henrik Kruger, The Great Heroin Coup: Drugs, Intelligence, and InternationalFascism (Boston, 1980, originally published in Danish in 1976), passim ChristopherRobbins, Air America (New York, 1979), pp.128, 225-243c) Leslie Cockburn, Out of Control (New York, 1987), passimd) Peter Dale Scott, Jonathan Marshall, Cocaine Politics: Drugs, Armies, and the CIA inCentral America (University ofCAPress,1991),passim.f) Drugs, Late Enforcement and Foreign Policy, a Report of the SenateCommittee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics andInternational Operations, 198923.Testimony of Daniel Oleksiw, USIA, before US Senate Committee on ForeignRelations, Hearings on US Security Agreements and Commitments Abroad: Kingdomof Laos, October 1969, pp.586-7.The USIA produced a number of otherunattributed publications in Asia during the 1950s and 1960s.A 1954 document lists:Four Seas (monthly magazine, southeast Asia), Free World (monthly magazine, nineFar Eastern countries), American Reporter (bi-weekly newspaper, India), Panorama(bi-weekly newspaper, Pakistan), and News Review (weekly magazine, Beirut).[White House Memo based on information prepared by USIA, 15 February 1954,Declassified Documents Reference System, 1987, document no.548.]24.New York Times, US April 1966, p.20.25.Ibid., 20 January 1961, p.2.26.Marchetti and Marks, p.132; Branfman (Voices), p.16.244 27.Robbins, p.116.28.William Lederer & Eugene Burdick, A Nation of Sheep (London, 1961) pp.12-13;see also Bernard Fall, Anatomy of a Crisis: The Laotian Crisis of 1960-1961 (NewYork, 1969), chapter 7.29.Lederer and Burdick, pp.15-22.30.Bernard Fail, Street Without Joy: Insurgency in Indochina, 1946-63 (London, 1963,Third revised edition) p, 329; New York Times 3 January 1961, p.10.31.Fall (Street), p.332.32.Schlesinger, p.329.33.Ibid., p.517; see also Andrew Tully, The Super Spies (London, 1970) p.165.34.Robbins, p.115.35.Prouty, p.314.36.New York Times, 3 May 1964, p.1; 7 May, p.7; 14 May, p.11.37.Congressional Record, 18 July 1973, pp.24520-22.38.Branfman (Voices), p.5; Branfman was in Laos 1967-71, first as an educationaladviser to International Voluntary Services ("a Bible Belt version of the PeaceCorps" - Robbins), then as a writer and researcher.39.Refugee and Civilian War Casualty Problems in Indochina, Staff Report prepared forthe US Senate Subcommittee on Refugees, Committee on the Judiciary, 28September 1970, pp.19 and v.40.Ibid., p.32.41.The Guardian (London) 14 October 1971, p.4.42.Robbins, p.132.43.Branfman (Voices), p.15.44.New York Times, 23 February 1973, p.I.45.Ibid., 8 April 1954.22.HAITI 1959-19631.Robert I.Rotberg with Christopher K.Clague, Haiti: The Politics of Squalor [ATwentieth Century Fund Study, Boston, 1971), p.244.2.New York Times, 15 and 16 August 1959: Robert Debs Heinl, Jr.and NancyGordon Heinl, The Story of the Haitian People, 1492-1971 (Boston, 1978), p.600.3.Hispanic American Report (Stanford University, California) October 1959, p.434.4.New York Times, 17 and 18 August 1959.5.Heinl, p.600; New York Times, 15 August 1959.6.Heinl, p.600; Rotberg, p.219.7.New York Times, 16 August 1959.8.Heinl, p.600.9.New York Times, 16 August 1959.10.Rotberg, p.219.11.Heinl, p.618.12.Interim Report: Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders, TheSelect Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to IntelligenceActivities (US Senate), 20 November 1975, p.4, footnote 1.The Report doesn'tspecify when this took place, but the New York Times, 14 November 1993, p.12,placed it in 1961.13.Fritz Longchamp and Worth Cooley-Prost, "Hope for Haiti", Covert ActionInformation Bulletin (Washington), No.36, Spring 1991, p.56.Longchamp isExecutive Director of the Washington Office on Haiti, an analysis and publiceducation center; Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.A Thousand Days (Boston, 1965) pp.782-3;Heinl, p.617.245 23.GUATEMALA 1960The principal sources of this chapter are:a) Richard Gott, Rural Guerrillas in Latin America (Great Britain, 1973, revised edition)pp, 68-77; first published in 1970 as Guerrilla Movements in Latin America.c) David Wise and Thomas Ross, The Invisible Government (New York, 1965,paperback edition) pp.22-4, 33.d) Col.L.Fletcher Prouty, US Air Force, Ret,, The Secret Team: The CIA and its Alliesin Control of the World (New York, 1974) pp.45-6.d) John Gerassi, The Great Fear in Latin America (New York, 1965, revised edition) pp.184-5; Gerassi was a correspondent in Latin America for the New York Times and aneditor of Time magazine.1.Gott, p.70.2.New York Times, 18 November 1960.3.Ibid., 15, 19 November 1960.4.Gott, p.71; Wise and Ross, p.33; Prouty.p.46.5.Gerassi, p.185.6.New York Times, 19 November 1960.7.Thomas and Marjorie Melville, Guatemala: The Politics of Land Ownership (US,1971) p.142; Gott, p.76.8.Gott, p.77.24.FRANCE/ALGERIA 1960s1.Andrew Tully, CM: The Inside Story (New York, 1962), p.44.2.Allen Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence (New York, 1965), p.175.3.New York Times, 4 May 1961, p.10.4.Cited in Tully, p.45, article by Crosby Noyes, no date of Washington Star given.5.Cited in Sanche de Gramont, The Secret War (New York.1963) pp.29-306.New York Times, 24 April 1961.7.Washington Post, 5 May 1961, p.A16.8.Time, 12 May 1961, p.19.9.New York Times, 29 April 1961, pp.1, 310.Ibid., 1 May 1961, p.28.11.Cited in de Gramont, pp.30-31.12.Newsweek, 15 May 1961, pp.50-51.13.L'Express/Claude Krief: As reported in Alexander Werth, "The CIA in Algeria", TheNation (New York), 20 May 1961, pp [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]