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.It is a state characterized by infinite compassion, wisdom and skill.equilibrium.Absence of the usual discrimination of sentient beings into friend,enemy and stranger, deriving from the realization that all sentient beings areequal in wanting happiness and not wanting suffering and that since beginning-less time, all beings have been all things to each other.An impartial mind thatserves as the basis for the development of great love, great compassion andbodhicitta.four noble truths.The topic of the Buddha s first teaching.The truth of suffer-ing, the cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering and the path to cessationof suffering as seen by an arya, or noble one one who has direct realizationof emptiness.Gelug (Tib).The Virtuous Order.The order of Tibetan Buddhism founded byLama Tsong Khapa and his disciples in the early fifteenth century.Great Vehicle.See Mahayana.Hinayana (Skt).Literally, Small, or Lesser, Vehicle.It is one of the two generaldivisions of Buddhism.Hinayana practitioners motivation for following theDharma path is principally their intense wish for personal liberation from con-ditioned existence, or samsara.Two types of Hinayana practitioner areidentified: hearers and solitary realizers.Cf.Mahayana.ignorance (Skt: avidya; Tib: ma-rig-pa).Literally, not seeing that which exists, orthe way in which things exist.There are basically two kinds, ignorance of karmaand ignorance of ultimate truth.The fundamental delusion from which all oth-ers spring.The first of the twelve links of dependent arising.inherent existence.What phenomena are empty of; the object of negation, orrefutation.To ignorance, phenomena appear to exist independently, in and ofthemselves, inherently.Cf.emptiness.Kagyu (Tib).The order of Tibetan Buddhism founded in the eleventh centuryby Marpa, Milarepa, Gampopa and their followers. .121glossarykarma (Skt; Tib: lä).Action; the working of cause and effect, whereby positiveactions produce happiness and negative actions produce suffering.lama (Tib; Skt: guru).A spiritual guide or teacher.One who shows a disciple thepath to liberation and enlightenment.Literally, heavy heavy with knowledgeof Dharma.lam-rim (Tib).The graduated path.A presentation of Shakyamuni Buddha steachings in a form suitable for the step-by-step training of a disciple.The lam-rim was first formulated by the great India teacher Atisha (Dipamkara Shrij-nana, 982-1055) when he came to Tibet in 1042.See also three principal paths.Lesser Vehicle.See Hinayana.liberation (Skt: nirvana; Tib: thar-pa).The state of complete liberation from sam-sara; the goal of a practitioner seeking his or her own freedom from suffering(see also Hinayana). Lower nirvana is used to refer to this state of self-libera-tion, while higher nirvana refers to the supreme attainment of the full enlight-enment of buddhahood (see also Mahayana).Lord Buddha.See Shakyamuni Buddha.love.The sincere wish that others be happy and the feeling that their happinessis more important than one s own; opposite in nature from attachment.Mahayana (Skt).Literally, Great Vehicle.It is one of the two general divisions ofBuddhism.Mahayana practitioners motivation for following the Dharma pathis principally their intense wish that all mother sentient beings be liberated fromconditioned existence, or samsara, and attain the full enlightenment of buddha-hood.The Mahayana has two divisions, Paramitayana (Sutrayana) andVajrayana (Tantrayana, Mantrayana).Cf.Hinayana.mantra (Skt).Literally, mind protection.Mantras are Sanskrit syllables usuallyrecited in conjunction with the practice of a particular meditational deity thatembody the qualities of that deity.meditation.Familiarization of the mind with appropriate objects.Technically,there are two types of meditation: analytical and placement, or stabilizing.merit.Positive imprints left on the mind by virtuous, or Dharma, actions.Theprincipal cause of happiness. 122.ego, attachment, and liberationMilarepa.A great Tibetan yogi (1052-1135); one of the founders of the Kagyuschool of Tibetan Buddhism.Famed for his exemplary relationship with histeacher, Marpa, his amazing asceticism and his songs of realization, Milarepais one of the legendary figures in the history of Tibet.mind (Skt: citta; Tib: sem).Synonymous with consciousness (Skt: vijnana; Tib: nam-she) and sentience (Skt: manas; Tib: yi).Defined as that which is clear and know-ing ; a formless entity that has the ability to perceive objects.Mind is dividedinto six primary consciousnesses and fifty-one mental factors.mind training (Tib: lo-jong).A genre of teaching that explains how to transformthe mind from self-cherishing to cherishing others, eventually leading to thedevelopment of bodhicitta (see also tong-len).Nagarjuna (Skt).The second century ad Indian Buddhist philosopher who pro-pounded the Madhyamaka philosophy of emptiness.nihilist.In the context of this book, someone who, upon hearing or readingabout emptiness, comes to the mistaken conclusion that nothing exists; forexample, that there s no cause and effect of actions or no past and future lives.An extreme view, like its opposite, eternalism.nirvana (Skt).See liberation.Nyingma (Tib).The ancient order of Tibetan Buddhism, which traces its teach-ings back to the time of Padmasambhava, the eighth century Indian tantric mas-ter invited to Tibet by King Trisong Detsen to clear away hindrances to theestablishment of Buddhism in Tibet.paramita (Skt).See six perfections [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]
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.It is a state characterized by infinite compassion, wisdom and skill.equilibrium.Absence of the usual discrimination of sentient beings into friend,enemy and stranger, deriving from the realization that all sentient beings areequal in wanting happiness and not wanting suffering and that since beginning-less time, all beings have been all things to each other.An impartial mind thatserves as the basis for the development of great love, great compassion andbodhicitta.four noble truths.The topic of the Buddha s first teaching.The truth of suffer-ing, the cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering and the path to cessationof suffering as seen by an arya, or noble one one who has direct realizationof emptiness.Gelug (Tib).The Virtuous Order.The order of Tibetan Buddhism founded byLama Tsong Khapa and his disciples in the early fifteenth century.Great Vehicle.See Mahayana.Hinayana (Skt).Literally, Small, or Lesser, Vehicle.It is one of the two generaldivisions of Buddhism.Hinayana practitioners motivation for following theDharma path is principally their intense wish for personal liberation from con-ditioned existence, or samsara.Two types of Hinayana practitioner areidentified: hearers and solitary realizers.Cf.Mahayana.ignorance (Skt: avidya; Tib: ma-rig-pa).Literally, not seeing that which exists, orthe way in which things exist.There are basically two kinds, ignorance of karmaand ignorance of ultimate truth.The fundamental delusion from which all oth-ers spring.The first of the twelve links of dependent arising.inherent existence.What phenomena are empty of; the object of negation, orrefutation.To ignorance, phenomena appear to exist independently, in and ofthemselves, inherently.Cf.emptiness.Kagyu (Tib).The order of Tibetan Buddhism founded in the eleventh centuryby Marpa, Milarepa, Gampopa and their followers. .121glossarykarma (Skt; Tib: lä).Action; the working of cause and effect, whereby positiveactions produce happiness and negative actions produce suffering.lama (Tib; Skt: guru).A spiritual guide or teacher.One who shows a disciple thepath to liberation and enlightenment.Literally, heavy heavy with knowledgeof Dharma.lam-rim (Tib).The graduated path.A presentation of Shakyamuni Buddha steachings in a form suitable for the step-by-step training of a disciple.The lam-rim was first formulated by the great India teacher Atisha (Dipamkara Shrij-nana, 982-1055) when he came to Tibet in 1042.See also three principal paths.Lesser Vehicle.See Hinayana.liberation (Skt: nirvana; Tib: thar-pa).The state of complete liberation from sam-sara; the goal of a practitioner seeking his or her own freedom from suffering(see also Hinayana). Lower nirvana is used to refer to this state of self-libera-tion, while higher nirvana refers to the supreme attainment of the full enlight-enment of buddhahood (see also Mahayana).Lord Buddha.See Shakyamuni Buddha.love.The sincere wish that others be happy and the feeling that their happinessis more important than one s own; opposite in nature from attachment.Mahayana (Skt).Literally, Great Vehicle.It is one of the two general divisions ofBuddhism.Mahayana practitioners motivation for following the Dharma pathis principally their intense wish that all mother sentient beings be liberated fromconditioned existence, or samsara, and attain the full enlightenment of buddha-hood.The Mahayana has two divisions, Paramitayana (Sutrayana) andVajrayana (Tantrayana, Mantrayana).Cf.Hinayana.mantra (Skt).Literally, mind protection.Mantras are Sanskrit syllables usuallyrecited in conjunction with the practice of a particular meditational deity thatembody the qualities of that deity.meditation.Familiarization of the mind with appropriate objects.Technically,there are two types of meditation: analytical and placement, or stabilizing.merit.Positive imprints left on the mind by virtuous, or Dharma, actions.Theprincipal cause of happiness. 122.ego, attachment, and liberationMilarepa.A great Tibetan yogi (1052-1135); one of the founders of the Kagyuschool of Tibetan Buddhism.Famed for his exemplary relationship with histeacher, Marpa, his amazing asceticism and his songs of realization, Milarepais one of the legendary figures in the history of Tibet.mind (Skt: citta; Tib: sem).Synonymous with consciousness (Skt: vijnana; Tib: nam-she) and sentience (Skt: manas; Tib: yi).Defined as that which is clear and know-ing ; a formless entity that has the ability to perceive objects.Mind is dividedinto six primary consciousnesses and fifty-one mental factors.mind training (Tib: lo-jong).A genre of teaching that explains how to transformthe mind from self-cherishing to cherishing others, eventually leading to thedevelopment of bodhicitta (see also tong-len).Nagarjuna (Skt).The second century ad Indian Buddhist philosopher who pro-pounded the Madhyamaka philosophy of emptiness.nihilist.In the context of this book, someone who, upon hearing or readingabout emptiness, comes to the mistaken conclusion that nothing exists; forexample, that there s no cause and effect of actions or no past and future lives.An extreme view, like its opposite, eternalism.nirvana (Skt).See liberation.Nyingma (Tib).The ancient order of Tibetan Buddhism, which traces its teach-ings back to the time of Padmasambhava, the eighth century Indian tantric mas-ter invited to Tibet by King Trisong Detsen to clear away hindrances to theestablishment of Buddhism in Tibet.paramita (Skt).See six perfections [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]